SKZ: Dischargeable Impregnation for Additively Manufactured Plastic Components

As part of the research project “Electrostatic Discharge-Conductive Impregnating Agent (AblImp),” SKZ and Diamant Polymer GmbH are developing a novel impregnation process for additively manufactured plastic components. The functional coating is applied during post-processing and is designed to create a permanently electrostatically dissipative surface. This is intended to ensure that the components’ ESD properties are maintained over the long term, even under heavy mechanical stress. A key focus is on developing suitable impregnation formulations and a stable, reproducible impregnation process. The project partners are specifically investigating the interaction between the material, the component structure, and the processing parameters. In the current project phase, sample components with specifically variable porosity have already been produced. These enable a systematic analysis of the component structure’s ability to absorb the impregnating agent, as well as its influence on electrical conductivity.

Combining Additive Manufacturing and Functional Impregnation

In parallel with material development, the process chain for selective laser sintering (SLS) is being investigated and optimized. In addition to adapting design guidelines, this includes the evaluation of relevant process parameters and suitable post-processing strategies. Currently, the work is focused on polyamide 12 (PA12) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). In the future, the process is expected to be transferable to other polymer materials used in additive manufacturing. “The combination of additive manufacturing and functional impregnation opens up new possibilities for components that require both complex geometries and reliable ESD properties,” explains Eugen Schleiger, project manager at the SKZ Plastics Center.

Potential for ESD-Critical Applications

The developed technology is particularly aimed at applications where electrostatic discharges must be prevented and complex geometries are required at the same time. These include, for example, suction grippers for handling battery components in automated production lines. Furthermore, the technology opens up possibilities for other industrial applications with heightened requirements for explosion protection and electrical safety. While Diamant Polymer GmbH contributes its many years of experience in the development of impregnations and infiltrants for technical applications, the SKZ brings its expertise in the fields of additive manufacturing, materials development, and surface technology. Together, the partners aim to significantly expand the range of applications for additively manufactured plastic components in ESD-critical applications. The “Conductive Impregnating Agent (AblImp)” project is funded by the Federal Ministry of Research, Technology, and Space (BMFTR) from January 1, 2026, through December 31, 2027.