Localized corrosion

Localized corrosion is a specific corrosion mechanism that occurs when different areas of a metallic material interact. This process can affect the structural integrity of the material and is particularly relevant in environments where moisture, oxygen and other corrosive substances are present.

Localized corrosion often begins at specific locations known as "active" or "anodic" areas. At these points, metal ions release electrons and go into solution. At the same time, "passive" or "cathodic" areas can exist that absorb electrons. Localized corrosion occurs more frequently in places where air exchange is restricted, such as in poorly ventilated areas or in areas where moisture accumulates.

The resulting difference in electrochemical reactions between anodic and cathodic areas leads to an acceleration of the corrosion process in the active areas. This can lead to structural weaknesses, pitting corrosion or other forms of material loss.

The prevention of localized corrosion requires various measures, including the use of corrosion-resistant materials, suitable coatings and regular inspections. A comprehensive assessment of environmental conditions and the implementation of protective measures are crucial to minimize the effects of localized corrosion and extend the service life of metallic materials.