Electrochemical corrosion protection

Electrochemical corrosion protection is a process that protects metallic materials from corrosion by specifically using electrochemical processes. There are two main methods: cathodic and anodic protection. Both methods are based on controlling the electrochemical potential of the protected metal surface in order to prevent corrosion reactions.

In cathodic corrosion protection, the metal to be protected is protected by a sacrificial anode or an external current source. If a sacrificial anode, for example made of zinc or magnesium, is used, it is deliberately sacrificed by corroding it and protecting the metal to be protected as a cathode. Alternatively, an impressed current system can be used, in which a direct current through an external current source lowers the metal to a less corrosive potential.

Anodic protection works in reverse by holding the metal as an anode in an electrochemical system. This method is used less frequently as it requires special conditions, such as stable passivation layers on the metal, for example with stainless steel or certain alloys.

Electrochemical corrosion protection is widely used in areas such as the offshore industry, pipeline construction, tanks, ships and reinforced concrete. Its effectiveness depends on the choice of protection method, the environment and regular monitoring of system parameters. This process is particularly sustainable as it significantly extends the service life of structures and systems and minimizes expensive damage caused by corrosion.